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		<title>Are Security Pros Becoming Too Paranoid?</title>
		<link>http://ctovision.com/2011/12/are-security-pros-becoming-too-paranoid/</link>
		<comments>http://ctovision.com/2011/12/are-security-pros-becoming-too-paranoid/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 21 Dec 2011 20:30:19 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>BryanHalfpap</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[CTO]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Cyber Security]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Computer security]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Network Security]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Technology Leadership]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://ctovision.com/?p=14859</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Tweet Paranoia is good when it comes to cyber-security&#8230;or is it? Are we making ourselves paranoid? Like many computer security professionals, I tend to closely follow technology and security news, even though its often discouraging and depressing.  It is routine to see articles disclosing general information about recent attacks and criminal successes (and sometimes criminal [...]]]></description>
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<dt><a href="http://ctovision.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/paranoia-demotivational-poster-12417266221.jpg"><img class="aligncenter" title="paranoia-demotivational-poster-1241726622" src="http://ctovision.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/paranoia-demotivational-poster-12417266221-300x225.jpg" alt="" width="300" height="225" /></a></dt>
<dd>Paranoia is good when it comes to cyber-security&#8230;or is it?</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<p>Are we making ourselves paranoid? Like many computer security professionals, I tend to closely follow technology and security news, even though its often discouraging and depressing.  It is routine to see articles disclosing general information about recent attacks and criminal successes (and sometimes criminal captures).  I suppose that at this point it is fairly common to find &#8220;shocking&#8221; breaches of trust and security in major corporations or large, widely-used or well-trusted systems.  Even reports of malware infections in drone control centers was met with a certain &#8220;well it was only a matter of time&#8221; feeling. This cynicism is common amongst those who work in the computer security field, both as reporters and as professionals in some capacity from tier 1 support to penetration testing and CSO&#8217;s.  When you&#8217;re a cynic, you stop being surprised.</p>
<p>What has started to happen as a blowback from all this security bad press and cynisism is a general feeling of paranoia.  This paranoia, advocated by security pros to general users in order to cut down the rate of infection of users and lessen security risks, is starting to creep into the minds and actions of security personnel.</p>
<p>This is a major problem because overly-paranoid security team members can cause major headaches with overreactions to abnormal conditions.  Like in Illinois with the water pump scare, or with the recent rumours of Iranian spy drone hacking.  While computer security problems have plagued us for years, they aren&#8217;t always to blame when something unexpected happens.  It&#8217;s important not to alienate users, customers, and the world at large by overreacting or acting before all the information is gathered.</p>
<p>It&#8217;s like the boy who cried wolf.  If your security team jumps at nothing all the time, they will not be taken seriously when they need to.</p>
<p>Implement policy to fix announcements of false positives.  A simple series of steps and confirmations should be enough to let you detect, learn about, and defeat intrusions.</p>
<ol>
<li>Verify with users or other policy that system behaviour is unexpected or unwanted.</li>
</ol>
<ol start="2">
<li>Gather information about activities on system.  Running programs, users, log information, communications to other systems, and outbound communications are important to know in order to profile the attack and determine the extent of the damage and action.</li>
</ol>
<ol start="3">
<li>Disable/disarm attacker.  Use knowledge gained from step 2 to block attackers when starting remediation/triage.</li>
</ol>
<ol start="4">
<li>Perform triage and remediation procedures on affected systems.</li>
</ol>
<p>You will need to determine for yourself when along that process a security disclosure needs to occur in order to remain compliant with standards and honest with users/customers.</p>
</div>

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		<title>Risk Management with Fixmo Sentinel</title>
		<link>http://ctovision.com/2011/12/risk-management-with-fixmo-sentinel/</link>
		<comments>http://ctovision.com/2011/12/risk-management-with-fixmo-sentinel/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 20 Dec 2011 15:26:45 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>BryanHalfpap</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[CTO]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Cyber Security]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[Risk management]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Security]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sentinel]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Tech/Internet]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[The Future of Technology]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://ctovision.com/?p=14740</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Tweet These days we hear a lot of terms thrown about like the “Consumerization of IT” and “Bring your own device” (BYOD), and “Network health”.  This is because corporations are starting to warm up to the idea that maybe if they let you bring in your personal computing devices such as smartphones and tablets, they [...]]]></description>
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<p><a href="ctovision.com"><img class="zemanta-img-inserted zemanta-img-configured alignleft" style="margin: 4px;" title="mobile devices" src="http://farm4.static.flickr.com/3477/3859140905_58f9062d56.jpg" alt="mobile devices" width="350" height="218" /></a></p>
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<p>These days we hear a lot of terms thrown about like the “Consumerization of IT” and “Bring your own device” (BYOD), and “Network health”.  This is because corporations are starting to warm up to the idea that maybe if they let you bring in your personal computing devices such as smartphones and tablets, they won’t have to pay to give you one.</p>
<div>
<p dir="ltr">The flip-side of letting employees bring their consumer devices into the corporate fold is that there are much fewer mechanisms on these devices to allow them to be administered by a corporate IT policy, which can cause more than a few security and compatibility headaches, not to mention auditing and compliance nightmares. The idea of complete and total control over the corporate IT landscape is dying, and here to replace it is a feeling of unease in corporate IT departments even as executives push for more BYOD models.</p>
<p>Why the unease in IT?  When email isn’t working on your new Android or <a class="zem_slink" title="iPhone" href="http://www.apple.com/iphone" rel="homepage">iPhone</a>, you or your employees will call the IT department. The department, which typically supported a population of devices that were all very similar and very manageable from one point, now moves to support hundreds of different devices across multiple platforms which require different services to be managed. They are not only expected to support the new phones and tablets &#8212; they are also expected to ensure the continued security integrity of corporate networks and data while doing so. In an environment with such a rapidly-growing malicious software base and uneducated users, the task quickly becomes daunting.</p>
<p>Enter <a href="http://fixmo.com">Fixmo</a>, the creators of the commercial versions of the AutoBerry and AutoBES software. These software packages were designed to automate the secure setup of corporate BlackBerry phones and to ensure their security. This is what Fixmo cut their teeth on before moving into Mobile Device Management software (MDM) and solutions for mobile security.</p>
<p><strong>Mobile Device Management/Mobile Risk Management</strong></p>
<p>Mobile device management and mobile risk management are oriented around reducing and managing risk associated with connecting highly mobile devices which “roam” networks to enterprise technology structures. While the act of connecting them to a network may be simple, ensuring that enterprise policy is translated to these devices appropriately is a challenge. Many consumer devices require software and servers which may not be in use, or which can’t be implemented. Furthermore, policies are difficult to set and more difficult to manage. It is for this reason that many corporations choose to issue devices which they have complete control over (<a class="zem_slink" title="BlackBerry" href="http://www.blackberry.com" rel="homepage">BlackBerries</a>).</p>
<p>Fixmo’s MDM solution, <a href="fixmo.com/products/sentinel" target="_blank">Sentinel</a>, changes this with an approach that provides management and auditing to both phones and framework servers. This approach differs slightly between phones due to differences in the architectures of the phone operating systems it supports, but they all share a few features. The main component of the phone MDM is the agent. The agent monitors changes made to the phone and analyzes activities and installed applications. It relays this information to the Sentinel Server via automatic push or timed updates, and the server stores this information.<br />
The agent can be made to monitor for any type of system event, and is responsible for enforcing policies on the phone and communicating with the server. The Sentinel server can be used to view things such as current phone status (on, off, out of service, last reported in date) and information about the phone such as recent policy violations, installed programs, set policies, group membership, and more. The interface is easy to use (it’s a web application interface) and provides plenty of information with a presentation which doesn&#8217;t confuse users.</p>
<p>Perhaps one of the greatest features of the Sentinel agent is in its Android incarnation. One of the great roadblocks to major corporate adoption of Android has been its reliance on Google apps and the Google “cloud”. By using the Sentinel agent on Android, Android phones can be taught to use corporate networks through the Sentinel server. This allows corporate information technology departments to provide their own app store of supported applications or company-specific <a class="zem_slink" title="Android" href="http://code.google.com/android/" rel="homepage">Android apps</a>. Fixmo will provide app-store services through their App47 product, which is still in development.</p>
<p><strong>Making it Easy All The Way Up</strong></p>
<p>Autoberry and AutoBES are two mature Blackberry management software packages from Fixmo that manage both the phone and the server. Fixmo has taken what they learned with those platforms and taken it to the next level with Sentinel. Good, Blackberry Enterprise Server, and Microsoft exchange are all integrated into the Sentinel management platform, allowing for the management of both devices and their servers. This means compliance with regulations and audits are much easier when using Sentinel, which can generate reports on these servers and their policies.</p>
<p>Users of the management and auditing application can be integrated from active directory or other LDAP software and from BES groups. These users can be given granular privileges over phones, servers, and management and reporting applications depending on their needs.</p>
<p><strong>SafeZone</strong></p>
<p>Fixmo is rolling out encrypted containers on the <a class="zem_slink" title="IOS (Apple)" href="http://www.apple.com/ios" rel="homepage">iOS</a> and Android platforms which will allow users to work inside of FIPS-compliant environments on mobile devices which may not otherwise meet security requirements. The container, called Safezone, is an encrypted sandbox which has an API with which developers can create proprietary applications which can communicate and operate securely on mobile platforms. The container also has several applications from Fixmo which ship with the product, such as document editing services. This will allow mobile users to work on sensitive data without losing security, and without moving the data beyond the corporate network, since the application communicates via virtual network with devices placed inside of a corporate network.</p>
<p>Solutions currently on the market to perform MDM services are not currently as robust or full-scope as the Fixmo product, largely because they either highly focused or do not address some of the many limitations that the consumerization trend has brought upon corporate IT (namely, the lack of corporate policy enforcement mechanisms). Thus, Fixmo is a good investment for any IT firm looking to control their network and their security.</p>
</div>
<h6 class="zemanta-related-title" style="font-size: 1em;">Related articles</h6>
<ul class="zemanta-article-ul">
<li class="zemanta-article-ul-li"><a href="http://ctolabs.com/2011/12/mobile-apps-can-have-strategic-impact-if-mobile-risk-can-be-managed/">Mobile Apps Can Have Strategic Impact: If Mobile Risk Can Be Managed</a> (ctolabs.com)</li>
<li class="zemanta-article-ul-li"><a href="http://www.bobgourley.com/2011/09/fixmo-sentinel-manage-your-mobile-risk/">Fixmo Sentinel: Manage Your Mobile Risk</a> (bobgourley.com)</li>
<li class="zemanta-article-ul-li"><a href="http://www.bobgourley.com/2011/11/fixmo-and-mobile-risk-management-for-enterprise-and-government-agencies/">Fixmo And Mobile Risk Management For Enterprise and Government Agencies</a> (bobgourley.com)</li>
</ul>
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		<title>What You Need to Know About Duqu</title>
		<link>http://ctovision.com/2011/12/what-you-need-to-know-about-duqu/</link>
		<comments>http://ctovision.com/2011/12/what-you-need-to-know-about-duqu/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 15 Dec 2011 15:00:00 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>BryanHalfpap</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Cyber Security]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Anti-Virus]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Computer security]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[cyber]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Duqu]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Enterprise]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[information technology]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Intrusion detection system]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Iran]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Network Security]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Security]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[stuxnet]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Sudan]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Windows]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://ctovision.com/?p=14145</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Tweet Everything that you need to know about Duqu: Duqu was reported to antivirus vendors around the 14th of October, 2011, but it has been in the wild since November of 2010. Since then there have been varients (updated copies with additional features or upgrades to code) released. It has been billed as the next [...]]]></description>
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			</div><div style="clear:both"></div><div style="padding-bottom:4px;"></div><div class="wp-caption aligncenter" style="width: 330px"><img title="Everything You Need to Know About Duqu" src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/25/Dumb_terminal_virus.png" alt="" width="320" height="232" /><p class="wp-caption-text">Duqu is a stealthy computer virus with a hidden agenda...</p></div>
<p><strong>Ever</strong><strong>ything that you need to know about Duqu:</strong></p>
<p>Duqu was reported to antivirus vendors around the 14th of October, 2011, but it has been in the wild since November of 2010. Since then there have been varients (updated copies with additional features or upgrades to code) released.</p>
<p>It has been billed as the next <a class="zem_slink" title="Stuxnet" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stuxnet" rel="wikipedia">Stuxnet</a>, the son of Stuxnet, or a Stuxnet clone. In reality, Duqu is actually more like a payload of Stuxnet rather than the entire attack campagin, because it is a backdoor package dropped via other means. The reason why Stuxnet was considered to be so advanced was in large part because of its varied numbers of unpatched exploits that it used to ensure successful infection.</p>
<p><strong>Lets take a look at the similarities:</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>Duqu uses code segments that can be identical to or very close to those used in the Stuxnet payload.</li>
<li>Both Stuxnet and Duqu use signed code in order to appear to antivirus, Windows, and users as legitimate code.</li>
<li>Registers a remote procedure call server in a very similar fashion to Stuxnet</li>
<li>Has the same list of antivirus products, in the same order as Stuxnet except one more product was added.</li>
<li>Checks for running processes in a manner similar to Stuxnet</li>
<li>Both Stuxnet and Duqu use &#8220;import by hash&#8221; techniques instead of directly importing function names.</li>
</ul>
<p>These similarities are code similarities, which means that Stuxnet and Duqu seem to share a common resource base, code base, and methodology in loading and running executables. Essentially we can think of the ways Duqu and Stuxnet install and launch themselves as being similar enough to warrant either worry that it is the same perpetrator of Stuxnet, or that they have access to the source code of the Stuxnet threat.</p>
<p>There are plenty of significant differences, however, namely that Duqu only performs information-gathering techniques. In comparison, Stuxnet destroyed industrial equipment, disabled safety systems, and was overtly malicious. Duqu&#8217;s most significant malicious payload is its spying ability.</p>
<p><strong>Duqu infections currently have the following functionalities:</strong></p>
<ul>
<li>View processes, accounts, and domain information</li>
<li>View drive names/information</li>
<li>Ability to take screenshots</li>
<li>View network and network setup</li>
<li>Keylogger</li>
<li>Window name enumeration</li>
<li>Share enumeration</li>
<li>File exploration on all drives</li>
</ul>
<p>Duqu sends this information to a command-and-control server currently located in India, the IP address of which is hard-coded into the Duqu payloads. Interestingly enough, Duqu is also set to destroy itself after 36 days of infection, a probable reason for why it has been able to live so long in the wild without detection.</p>
<p><strong>Targets:</strong></p>
<p>Duqu appears to be mostly targeting some industrial control systems and Certificate authorities, probably for the purposes of gaining information to be used in further exploits. CA compromises are also lucrative because of their use in malware.  Duqu itself is a sterling example of the use of compromised CA information because it uses a stolen certificate to sign itself as legitimate software, fooling the operating system, antivirus, and user alike with the ruse.</p>
<p><strong>Infection Methods:</strong></p>
<p>At first, Duqu was largely reported to have come from the same folks who created Stuxnet.  This simply doesn&#8217;t have to be the case.  The techniques could have been copied or even stolen wholesale by the malware authors.  Duqu also behaves differently and uses different infection methods.  Whereas Stuxnet was focused on remote exploitation or spread-exploitation, Duqu&#8217;s exploit of choice (MS11-087, which has since been patched) is a trojan-horse method that requires a user to open an infected Microsoft Word document.</p>
<p><strong><strong>What Can We Learn From This?</strong></strong></p>
<p>Don&#8217;t trust the initial reports, be wary, but try not to buy into the paranoia because it&#8217;s important to have measured and rational reactions to security threats so your customers and users don&#8217;t view you as the &#8220;boy who cried wolf&#8221;.  The sad thing about Duqu is that it would be very hard to detect without antivirus signatures.  With it being signed, silent, patient and auto-deleting, it is a threat that is difficult to detect or defend against unless you have the proper security infrastructure (<a class="zem_slink" title="Intrusion detection system" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intrusion_detection_system" rel="wikipedia">Intrusion detection system</a>, VLANs, exfil firewalls, Data Loss Prevention, ect&#8230;).  Use this as an excuse to justify increased security expenditures if you don&#8217;t have things up-to-spec.</p>
<h6 class="zemanta-related-title" style="font-size: 1em;">Related articles</h6>
<ul class="zemanta-article-ul">
<li class="zemanta-article-ul-li"><a href="http://ctolabs.com/2011/12/duqu-hackers-scrub-evidence-from-command-servers-shut-down-spying-op/">Duqu hackers scrub evidence from command servers, shut down spying op</a> (ctolabs.com)</li>
<li class="zemanta-article-ul-li"><a href="http://ctolabs.com/2011/10/duqu-incidents-detected-in-iran-and-sudan/">Duqu incidents detected in Iran and Sudan</a> (ctolabs.com)</li>
<li class="zemanta-article-ul-li"><a href="http://www.bobgourley.com/2011/11/microsoft-releases-temporary-plug-for-duqu/">Microsoft Releases Temporary Plug For Duqu</a> (bobgourley.com)</li>
</ul>
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		<title>Carrier IQ Invades Privacy</title>
		<link>http://ctovision.com/2011/12/carrier-iq-invades-privacy/</link>
		<comments>http://ctovision.com/2011/12/carrier-iq-invades-privacy/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 01 Dec 2011 18:53:35 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>BryanHalfpap</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Cyber Security]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Gadgets]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Mobile]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Android]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Apple]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[CarrierIQ]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Cell Phone]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[cyber]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[IPhone]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Network Security]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Security]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://ctovision.com/?p=14769</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Tweet Android has been plagued by malware, security vulnerabilities, and now, privacy issues. It started with HTC&#8217;s logging application which over-zealously logged aspects of phone use in insecure ways which made that data accessible by any application, and more recently has come to a head with the discovery of the carrier IQ application. The Carrier [...]]]></description>
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			<div style="float:left; width:85px;padding-right:10px; margin:4px 4px 4px 4px;height:30px;"><script src="http://www.stumbleupon.com/hostedbadge.php?s=1&amp;r=http://ctovision.com/2011/12/carrier-iq-invades-privacy/"></script></div>			
			</div><div style="clear:both"></div><div style="padding-bottom:4px;"></div><p><a href="http://ctovision.com"><img class="alignleft size-full wp-image-14782" style="margin: 4px;" title="phonewatching" src="http://ctovision.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/phonewatching.png" alt="Your phone is watching you and listening to your every word" width="198" height="185" /></a>Android has been plagued by malware, security vulnerabilities, and now, privacy issues. It started with HTC&#8217;s logging application which over-zealously logged aspects of phone use in insecure ways which made that data accessible by any application, and more recently has come to a head with the discovery of the carrier IQ application.</p>
<div>
<p dir="ltr">The Carrier IQ application is supposedly a diagnostic tool which sits on a variety of phones including Android, iPhone, and some &#8220;feature&#8221; phones. This diagnostic tool is sold to handset manufacturers or service providers and placed in the firmware of the phones shipped to the users. In the Android incarnation of the software, it is enabled by default and can log extremely detailed information about users. The application is somewhat hidden and cannot be turned off or uninstalled without having rooted the phone. These behaviors are fairly consistent with behaviors of advanced malware or even rootkits, and is a gross invasion of privacy due to the kinds of information it collects.</p>
<p>The application collects the following data:</p>
<ul>
<li>Phone Keypad Presses</li>
<li>Website URLS (regardless of https encryption)</li>
<li>Home/Properties/Back/Search button presses</li>
<li>Battery State Changes</li>
<li>Location</li>
</ul>
<p>And requests access to many hardware and system resources in Android, including “services that cost you money” and “personal information”.</p>
<p dir="ltr">Admittedly, the collection of location on its own may not be a big deal to many people, but the fact that it is collecting URLs which should be encrypted is a problem. This could expose sensitive user credentials. Collecting phone call key presses is even worse because it can easily collect banking PINs, credit card numbers, passwords, and more. The application even has access to sound and recording functionalities, which means it could be turned into an all-in-one surveillance device.</p>
<p dir="ltr">There is absolutely no reason for a diagnostic application to collect the amount of data it is collecting. There is no reason for a diagnostic application to record key-presses or any other user action when crash reports are readily available from the phones operating system. This should not have happened.</p>
<p>Wired has managed to put together a list of phones and carriers which do not run the malicious software on their phones. Check to see if you have a secure device or carrier here.</p>
<p>More interesting is that this just now started to become news. Forum posts from before October indicate that some power-users of Android devices have noticed this software operating in the background of their phones since March of this year. <a href="http://forums.androidcentral.com/sprint-epic-4g/66282-carrier-iq-real-does-anyone-care.html">See the original posts here</a>.</p>
<p>Some software to detect installs of Carrier IQ has been developed by the author of the initial research and can be found <a href="http://forum.xda-developers.com/showpost.php?p=17612559&amp;postcount=110">HERE</a> (The tool has been around since mid-November). However, note that it may not find all instances of the application, as its installation files can be in different locations from phone to phone. If you have a rooted phone, the application will also search for several other known logging services and display their collections as well.</p>
<p>Note:  This affects iPhone and some Android Users, but the iPhone incarnation of the application is harmless when compared to its Android version. It is not on by default, and can be disabled easily. iPhone users can disable CarrierIQ with a few simple steps (as opposed to removal on android, which requires root access) see <a href="http://www.zdnet.com/blog/hardware/how-to-disable-the-carrier-iq-rootkit-on-your-iphone/16724">directions from ZDNet</a>.</p>
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		<title>Dronegate: The First Casualty is our Cybersecurity Paradigm</title>
		<link>http://ctovision.com/2011/10/dronegate-the-first-casualty-is-our-cybersecurity-paradigm/</link>
		<comments>http://ctovision.com/2011/10/dronegate-the-first-casualty-is-our-cybersecurity-paradigm/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 14 Oct 2011 00:42:54 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>AlexOlesker</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[CTO]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Cyber Security]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Air Force]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[credential stealer]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Creech Air Force Base]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[drones]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[Network Security]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[stuxnet]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[virus]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://ctovision.com/?p=14031</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Tweet As of yet, there is no definitive narrative of the virus that hit the U.S. drone fleet at Creech Air Force Base in Nevada this September. Original reports stated that drone cockpits had been infected with a keylogger virus and, while there was no indication that classified information had been stolen or that missions had been compromised, [...]]]></description>
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<p>As of yet, there is no definitive narrative of the virus that hit the U.S. drone fleet at <a class="zem_slink" title="Creech Air Force Base" href="http://www.creech.af.mil/" rel="homepage">Creech Air Force Base</a> in Nevada this September. <a href="http://www.wired.com/dangerroom/2011/10/virus-hits-drone-fleet/" target="_blank">Original reports</a> stated that drone cockpits had been infected with a keylogger virus and, while there was no indication that classified information had been stolen or that missions had been compromised, the virus has proven tenacious, resisting efforts to disinfect machines and forcing the Air Force to wipe entire hard drives. Sources said that officials at Creech never informed the <a class="zem_slink" title="Twenty-Fourth Air Force" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twenty-Fourth_Air_Force" rel="wikipedia">24th Air Force</a>, the central authority on cyber for the Air Force, about the breach until the 24th read about it online. Yesterday, however, in <a href="http://www.wired.com/images_blogs/dangerroom/2011/10/11-10-01-RPA-Malware-Release-FINAL-SAF_PA-approved.docx" target="_blank">its first official statement on the infection</a>, the Air Force explained that the virus was actually credential stealer and insisted that the virus was only a nuisance that was easily contained. It claimed that the 24th AF had known about the breach since the 15 September. The Air Force also disputed that cockpits were affected, stating that only ground control systems were breached.</p>
<p>If initial reports were true, then our military cybersecurity is in a lamentable state. The most critical element of perhaps our most vital weapons and intelligence systems would have been breached, and the primary defenders were kept in the dark because of the fear of failure that permeates security and stifles information-sharing and cooperation. But even if the relatively optimistic official accounts of the infection are the whole truth, the military&#8217;s computer security paradigm still needs an overhaul.</p>
<p>In some ways, the official statement is more worrying than even the most sensational initial accounts as it suggests a disconnect from cybersecurity realities. First, it&#8217;s too quick to dismiss what may have been a real threat. According to Microsoft security architects, once a credential stealer gets a foothold on your network, it typically takes between 24 and 48 hours to gain Domain Admin credentials and access to every account and workstation. An anonymous official has claimed that the malware only targets online gaming accounts, but this has not been confirmed or attributed. If the 24th managed to isolate the virus, they may have squashed a nuisance or they averted a crisis. Their confidence in defensive measures is even more unsettling. &#8220;Our tools and processes detect this type of malware as soon as it appears on the system, preventing further reach,&#8221; the release claims, &#8220;We continue to strengthen our cyber defenses, using the latest anti-virus software and other methods.&#8221; That the Air Force feels safe behind a cyber Maginot Line, <a href="http://ctovision.com/2011/07/the-maginot-line-of-information-systems-security/" target="_blank">as Professor Rick Forno would say</a>, does not fill me with confidence, especially when the virus has already penetrated &#8220;air gaped&#8221; systems, the gold standard in network security.</p>
<p>It&#8217;s time the Air Force adopts industry best-practice and switches to a &#8220;presumption of breach&#8221; mindset. Rather than putting all of its energy into keeping all attackers out with technological silver bullets, the Air Force, like top private firms, must assume that it will be infected and most likely already is. This is hardly a stretch. The official release states that drone systems are not facing any &#8220;<a class="zem_slink" title="Advanced Persistent Threat" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Persistent_Threat" rel="wikipedia">advanced persistent threat</a>&#8221; or even targeted attack, just one of millions of random, run-of-the-mill viruses floating around on the internet. The malware in question is said to be commonly used to steal log-ins and passwords for online games, implying that it was picked up in such a setting. How many other isntances of malware were accidently picked up by Air Force personel and possibly transfered on to classified systems? And if malware designed to steal your Mafia Wars account can access some of the military&#8217;s most mission critical systems, how long will it take for a sophisticated, state-sponsored virus like <a class="zem_slink" title="Stuxnet" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stuxnet" rel="wikipedia">Stuxnet</a> makes in on to <a class="zem_slink" title="Unmanned aerial vehicle" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unmanned_aerial_vehicle" rel="wikipedia">UAV</a> infrastructure?</p>
<p>A &#8220;plan to fail&#8221; approach would shift emphasis to forensics and remediation, areas where the Air Force seems to be lagging. If the 24th AF really did know about the infection since 15 September, at least their monitoring and <a class="zem_slink" title="Intrusion detection system" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intrusion_detection_system" rel="wikipedia">intrusion detection systems</a> are in order. The official release, however, does not say that they have finished disinfecting computers or that they have determined the source of the malware, implying that they are still working on forensics and infection turnaround a month later. If true, the initial insider reports of persistent and mysterious malware confirm this, and add that the only cure seemed to be to wipe internal hard drives and start clean, a costly and time consuming process.  It is also important, when operating under a presumption of breach, to share information about infections, attacks, and mistakes, unlike initial reports suggested, rather than hide possible failures and to learn from them. From the tone of the press release, classifying the attack as a minor annoyance promptly taken care of with the latest and greatest technology, it doesn&#8217;t look like much learning is taking place.</p>
<p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-weight: bold;">Related articles</span></p>
<ul class="zemanta-article-ul">
<li class="zemanta-article-ul-li"><a href="http://www.wired.com/dangerroom/2011/10/drone-virus-kept-quiet/">Get Hacked, Don&#8217;t Tell: Drone Base Didn&#8217;t Report Virus</a> (wired.com)</li>
<li class="zemanta-article-ul-li"><a href="http://geeks.thedailywh.at/2011/10/13/follow-up-of-the-day-air-force-says-drone-fleet-virus-is-just-a-nuisance/">Follow Up of the Day: Air Force Says Drone Fleet Virus is Just a Nuisance</a> (geeks.thedailywh.at)</li>
<li class="zemanta-article-ul-li"><a href="http://ctovision.com/2011/10/yesterdays-security-doesnt-work-for-todays-threats/" target="_blank">Yesterday&#8217;s Security Doesn&#8217;t Work for Today&#8217;s Threats</a> (CTOvision.com)</li>
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		<title>Thinking About the Traditional Approach</title>
		<link>http://ctovision.com/2011/09/thinking-about-the-traditional-approach/</link>
		<comments>http://ctovision.com/2011/09/thinking-about-the-traditional-approach/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 23 Sep 2011 20:12:45 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>AdamElkus</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Big Data]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Cloud Computing]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[The Future]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Bob Gourley]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[Enterprise Security]]></category>
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		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://ctovision.com/?p=13692</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Tweet A recent IDG interview of Bob Gourley of Crucial Point and Andrzej Kawalec of HP delved into the problem of the &#8220;traditional&#8221; method of enterprise security, a paradigm  under severe challenge. We can sum up the traditional approach as less a certain tactic, technique, technology, or policy than a way of viewing the world. [...]]]></description>
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			</div><div style="clear:both"></div><div style="padding-bottom:4px;"></div><p><a href="http://ctovision.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/Cavalrycharge.png"><img class="alignleft size-thumbnail wp-image-13694" style="margin: 4px;" title="Cavalrycharge" src="http://ctovision.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/Cavalrycharge-150x150.png" alt="" width="150" height="150" /></a>A recent IDG interview of Bob Gourley of Crucial Point and Andrzej Kawalec of HP delved into the problem of the &#8220;traditional&#8221; method of enterprise security, a paradigm  under severe challenge. We can sum up the traditional approach as less a certain tactic, technique, technology, or policy than a way of viewing the world.</p>
<p>As Gourley has noted, traditional enterprise security can be characterized with one of these bullets:</p>
<ul>
<li>Primarily exists below the CIO level and is primarily thought of as a technical&#8211;rather than policy&#8211;matter</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Is based on <a href="http://ctovision.com/2011/07/the-maginot-line-of-information-systems-security/">point defense</a> of all access points (The Maginot line approach)</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Doesn&#8217;t provide <a href="http://ctovision.com/2011/07/the-maginot-line-of-information-systems-security/">defense-in-depth</a></li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Is not about the enterprise as a whole</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Does not take into account enterprise use of computing technologies besides PCs</li>
</ul>
<p>Enterprise security, in the traditional approach, is thought of as an technical issue rather than a policy problem. This limits the ability to think strategically and keeps the conversation (and policy) focused on tactics and technical measures and counter-measures&#8211;losing sight of overall problems and solutions that are typically decided at the CIO level. Point defense is seen as a viable solution to dealing with security problems, a solution with a poor historical track record in both military and private security contexts. It does not focus on the enterprise itself but looks narrowly at a discrete set of technical issues, and similarly is blind and deaf to the growing enterprise use of &#8220;post-PC&#8221; mobile technologies.</p>
<p>As noted before, this is an aggregate set of practices formed by an underlying worldview rather than a deliberate policy that a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Lumbergh">Bill Lumbergh</a> sat down and decided to inflict on his subordinates. It was formed less by deliberate design than a confluence of factors, including the dominance of the PC as a singular computing practice within the enterprise, the relatively primitive (compared to today) nature of security problems, the marginalization of computer security as a technical rather than policy issue, and an desire to minimize loss by attempting to protect everything within the enterprise.</p>
<p>Although military examples are often useful in looking at attack/defense dynamics in the cyber world, a more mundane example from private security also illustrates the point. Dignitary protection, a fairly standard mission for both private security in the corporate, political, and entertainment world, is not just about neutralizing a discrete set of technical threats (the stereotype of a bodyguard checking for bombs or people with guns). It&#8217;s also about understanding and calculating plausible threat scenarios informed by a knowledge of the principal&#8217;s everyday lifestyle, security weaknesses, likely adversaries, and many other factors. Point defense is a worst-case scenario, and is arguably seen as a denial of tradeoffs <a href="http://www.schneier.com/book-beyondfear.html">inherent in the profession</a>.</p>
<p>Obviously, the creation of the CIO itself (and the similar rise in CTO positions) is a symptom of greater change in both government and private organizations. The idea that technology policy within an organization can be centralized and strategically directed in a long-term frame has enormous implications for the way we think about enterprise security. We&#8217;ll be discussing these issues in more depth at the <a href="http://events.fedcyber.com/">FedCyber Government-Industry Cyber Security Summit</a> and hope you&#8217;ll be able to attend.</p>

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		<title>The Evolving Enterprise Threat Environment</title>
		<link>http://ctovision.com/2011/09/the-evolving-enterprise-threat-environment/</link>
		<comments>http://ctovision.com/2011/09/the-evolving-enterprise-threat-environment/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 21 Sep 2011 20:08:38 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>AlexOlesker</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[CTO]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Cyber Security]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[Bob Gourley]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Chief Information Officer]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[Computer security]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Hewlett-Packard]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Network Security]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Phishing]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Triumfant]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://ctovision.com/?p=13699</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Tweet The second interview for IDG on Monday, September 12, featured Andrzej Kawalec, HP&#8216;s CTO of Enterprise Security along with Bob Gourley. The two first discussed changes in the enterprise threat environment, which have been dramatic. They agreed on three major emerging challenges in enterprise cybersecurity. The first is simply the nature of the threat, which is [...]]]></description>
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<p>The second interview for <a class="zem_slink" title="IDG" href="http://www.idg.com/" rel="homepage">IDG</a> on Monday, September 12, featured Andrzej Kawalec, <a class="zem_slink" title="Hewlett-Packard" href="http://www.hp.com" rel="homepage">HP</a>&#8216;s CTO of Enterprise Security along with <a class="zem_slink" title="Bob Gourley" href="http://bobgourley.com" rel="homepage">Bob Gourley</a>. The two first discussed changes in the enterprise threat environment, which have been dramatic.</p>
<p>They agreed on three major emerging challenges in enterprise cybersecurity. The first is simply the nature of the threat, which is growing more sophisticated, faster, and more targeted over time. Phishing, for example, gives way to <a class="zem_slink" title="Phishing" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phishing" rel="wikipedia">Spear phishing</a> where the impostor emails are designed to look like they came from colleagues, offer a malicious link tailored to the target, and may have company letterheads and logos. Threats to enterprise are growing more serious because, as Bob noted, the money is with the enterprises and the threats follow.</p>
<p>The second emerging challenge is the consumerization of IT. Employees no longer do all their work on a (hopefully) secured company workstation. Instead, they are flipping through presentations on their personal tablets and checking emails on their smartphones. While on one hand, this is great as it allows users to stick with the devices they prefer and are comfortable with, and encourages them to work wherever and whenever is convenient, it also means that hardening single data endpoints is no longer enough, as an enterprise can&#8217;t know what device its employees will be working on. Already, <a href="http://www.net-security.org/secworld.php?id=11620" target="_blank">a recent survey of IT managers </a>reveals that employees use personal devices for work in almost 90% of companies, and that most do not have the tools to manage them.</p>
<p>Lastly, the cloud is changing how IT is delivered. <a class="zem_slink" title="Software as a service" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_as_a_service" rel="wikipedia">Software-as-a-Service</a>, Platform-as-a-Service, and <a class="zem_slink" title="Cloud computing" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud_computing" rel="wikipedia">Infrastructure-as-a-Service</a> are reinventing how we consume and interact with IT. Again, cloud computing has brought many benefits, but also its share of challenges as CTOs, CIO, and CISOs adjust and make their security work for a new paradigm.</p>
<p>Adapting to this threat environment requires a risk management approach. As Kawalec noted, enterprises must plan to fail and expect to be under attack not just from malware or malicious code in general, but also internal threats, the quintessential example being Bradley Manning and all the anonymous contributors to <a class="zem_slink" title="WikiLeaks" href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WikiLeaks" rel="wikipedia">WikiLeaks</a>. This complicates security not only because social engineering and trusted users can get around any current technical solution, but also because their motivations tend to be different from traditional criminal hackers. If enterprises assume that their networks are already compromised, they need to protect them with a remediation approach. An example would be <a class="zem_slink" title="Triumfant" href="http://www.triumfant.com/default.asp" rel="homepage">Triumfant</a>’s Configuration and Change Management Tool, which effectively scans networks for anomalies before users even notice that something is wrong, and then reduces infection turnaround time from days to minutes as it implements solutions at the click of a button then fills on gaps from healthy computers if important file systems have been deleted.</p>
<p>Still, even with products emerging to help enterprises &#8220;plan to fail&#8221; at perfect internet security, dealing with a shifting IT paradigm and threat environment takes a different kind of CIO. Today&#8217;s CIOs and CISOs need to understand architecture, vision, and design, to see the system on both macro and micro levels to reduce security silos and provide robust solutions for a changing world.</p>
<h6 class="zemanta-related-title" style="font-size: 1em;">Related articles</h6>
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<li class="zemanta-article-ul-li"><a href="http://www.fedcyber.com/2011/08/27/in-search-of-a-russian-winter-of-information-systems-security/">In Search of a Russian Winter of Information Systems Security</a> (fedcyber.com)</li>
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		<title>Security Innovation Network (SINET) Workshop and Showcase 25-26 October 2011</title>
		<link>http://ctovision.com/2011/09/13680/</link>
		<comments>http://ctovision.com/2011/09/13680/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 12 Sep 2011 01:46:16 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>BobGourley</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Cyber Security]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[Tweet This post provides an update on the Security Innovation Network (SINET) Workshop and Showcase, and also provides an invitation for you to attend this potentially game-changing event (I serve on the SINET steering committee and would truly appreciate seeing you at the showcase). Keynotes will be delivered by: General Keith B. Alexander, Commander of [...]]]></description>
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			<a href="http://twitter.com/share" class="twitter-share-button" data-url="http://ctovision.com/2011/09/13680/"  data-text="Security Innovation Network (SINET) Workshop and Showcase 25-26 October 2011" data-count="horizontal" data-via="ctovision">Tweet</a>
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			<div style="float:left; width:85px;padding-right:10px; margin:4px 4px 4px 4px;height:30px;"><script src="http://www.stumbleupon.com/hostedbadge.php?s=1&amp;r=http://ctovision.com/2011/09/13680/"></script></div>			
			</div><div style="clear:both"></div><div style="padding-bottom:4px;"></div><p><a href="http://ctovision.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/sinet20111.png"><img class="alignleft size-full wp-image-13686" style="margin: 4px;" title="sinet2011" src="http://ctovision.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/09/sinet20111.png" alt="" width="312" height="224" /></a>This post provides an update on the Security Innovation Network (SINET) Workshop and Showcase, and also provides an invitation for you to attend this potentially game-changing event (I serve on the SINET steering committee and would truly appreciate seeing you at the showcase).</p>
<p>Keynotes will be delivered by: General Keith B. Alexander, Commander of the U.S. Cyber Command &amp; Director of the National Security Agency, and His Excellency Jaak Aaviksoo, Minister of Education and Research, Former Ministry of Defense, Republic of Estonia. The Showcase was created for sixteen innovative Cybersecurity technologies to be selected from 100 applications by our <a href="http://www.security-innovation.org/steering.htm " target="_blank">steering committee.</a> The SINET 16 will present in front of representatives from the investment, research, commercial, civilian, defense and intelligence communities. For more information, <a href="http://www.security-innovation.org/showcase.htm" target="_blank">please click here</a>.</p>
<p>The mission of SINET is to advance innovation and enable global collaboration between the public and private sectors to defeat Cybersecurity threats. The Showcase is supported by the Department of Homeland Security, Science &amp; Technology Directorate, and public and private sponsors.</p>
<p>Please join us as we continue to give the entrepreneurs a voice and advance innovation through collaboration models. The Showcase takes place at the National Press Club &#8211; Washington DC, October 25 &amp; 26, 2011</p>
<p>We will soon be announcing the companies that made the list of the top 16 for this event. I&#8217;ve seen the list and believe they are all worthy of the widespread attention this event will give their offerings.</p>
<p>As an example of the types of companies to expect in the SINET Showcase for 2011, <a href="http://www.security-innovation.org/showcase2010-presenting.htm" target="_blank">consider last years selectees</a>:</p>
<blockquote><p>The SINET 2010 Presenting Companies</p>
<div><a href="http://www.avirtek.com/" target="_blank"><img title="AVIRTEK, INC., Tucson, AZ" src="http://www.security-innovation.org/itsef/images/Presentings/Avirtek_logo.jpg" alt="" />AVIRTEK, INC., Tucson, AZ</a></div>
<div><a href="http://www.bluespace.com/" target="_blank"><img title="BlueSpace Software Corp, Austin, TX" src="http://www.security-innovation.org/itsef/images/Presentings/BlueSpaceLogo.jpg" alt="" />BlueSpace Software Corp, Austin, TX</a></div>
<div><a href="http://www.breakingpointsystems.com/" target="_blank"><img title="BreakingPoint Systems, Inc., Austin, TX" src="http://www.security-innovation.org/itsef/images/Presentings/BreakingPoint.jpg" alt="" />BreakingPoint Systems, Inc., Austin, TX</a></div>
<div><a href="http://www.catbird.com/" target="_blank"><img title="Catbird Networks, Inc., Scotts Valley, CA" src="http://www.security-innovation.org/itsef/images/Presentings/catbird_logo.jpg" alt="" />Catbird Networks, Inc., Scotts Valley, CA</a></div>
<div><a href="http://www.dataguise.com/" target="_blank"><img title="dataguise Inc., Fremont, CA" src="http://www.security-innovation.org/itsef/images/Presentings/DATAGUISE-Logo.jpg" alt="" />dataguise Inc., Fremont, CA</a></div>
<div><a href="http://www.fireeye.com/" target="_blank"><img title="FireEye, Inc., Milpitas, CA" src="http://www.security-innovation.org/itsef/images/Presentings/FireEye_logo.jpg" alt="" />FireEye, Inc., Milpitas, CA</a></div>
<div><a href="http://www.futurepointsystems.com/" target="_blank"><img title="Future Point Systems, Inc., Reston, VA" src="http://www.security-innovation.org/itsef/images/Presentings/FuturePoint-Logo.jpg" alt="" />Future Point Systems, Inc., Reston, VA</a></div>
<div><a href="http://www.globalvelocity.com/" target="_blank"><img title="Global Velocity, Inc., Clayton, MO" src="http://www.security-innovation.org/itsef/images/Presentings/GlobalVelocity_logo.jpg" alt="" />Global Velocity, Inc., Clayton, MO</a></div>
<div><a href="http://www.infoassure.net/" target="_blank"><img title="InfoAssure, Inc., Annapolis, MD" src="http://www.security-innovation.org/itsef/images/Presentings/InfoAssure.jpg" alt="" />InfoAssure, Inc., Annapolis, MD</a></div>
<div><a href="http://www.invincea.com/" target="_blank"><img title="Invincea, Inc., Fairfax, VA" src="http://www.security-innovation.org/itsef/images/Presentings/Invincea_TAG_RGB.jpg" alt="" />Invincea, Inc., Fairfax, VA</a></div>
<div><a href="http://www.lgscout.com/" target="_blank"><img title="Lookingglass Cyber Solutions, LLC, Baltimore, MD" src="http://www.security-innovation.org/itsef/images/Presentings/looking-glass.jpg" alt="" />Lookingglass Cyber Solutions, LLC, Baltimore, MD</a></div>
<div><a href="http://www.mocana.com/" target="_blank"><img title="Mocana Corp, San Francisco, CA" src="http://www.security-innovation.org/itsef/images/Presentings/mocana-logo.jpg" alt="" />Mocana Corp, San Francisco, CA</a></div>
<div><a href="http://www.privacydatasystems.com/" target="_blank"><img title="PrivacyDataSystems, Charlotte, NC" src="http://www.security-innovation.org/itsef/images/Presentings/Privacy-Data-Systems.jpg" alt="" />PrivacyDataSystems, Charlotte, NC</a></div>
<div><a href="http://www.reversinglabs.com/" target="_blank"><img title="ReversingLabs Corp, Cambridge, MA" src="http://www.security-innovation.org/itsef/images/Presentings/ReversingLabs-logo.jpg" alt="" />ReversingLabs Corp, Cambridge, MA</a></div>
<div><a href="http://www.sciosecurity.com/" target="_blank"><img title="Scio Security, Ann Arbor, MI" src="http://www.security-innovation.org/itsef/images/Presentings/scio-logo.jpg" alt="" />Scio Security, Ann Arbor, MI</a></div>
<div><a href="http://www.silvertailsystems.com/" target="_blank"><img title="Silver Tail Systems, Inc., Palo Alto, CA" src="http://www.security-innovation.org/itsef/images/Presentings/silvertail_logo.jpg" alt="" />Silver Tail Systems, Inc., Palo Alto, CA</a></div>
<div><a href="http://www.sitscape.com/" target="_blank"><img title="SitScape, Inc., Vienna, VA" src="http://www.security-innovation.org/itsef/images/Presentings/SitScapelogo.jpg" alt="" />SitScape, Inc., Vienna, VA</a></div>
<div><a href="http://www.telesecret.com/" target="_blank"><img title="Telesecret Corporation, Los Angeles, CA" src="http://www.security-innovation.org/itsef/images/Presentings/Telesecret_logo.jpg" alt="" width="200" height="109" />Telesecret Corporation, Los Angeles, CA</a></div>
<div><a href="http://www.trustifier.com/" target="_blank"><img title="Trustifier Inc., Newark, DE" src="http://www.security-innovation.org/itsef/images/Presentings/Trustifier-Logo.jpg" alt="" />Trustifier Inc., Newark, DE</a></div>
<div><a href="http://www.webloq.com/" target="_blank"><img title="WebLOQ, Inc., Monterey, CA" src="http://www.security-innovation.org/itsef/images/Presentings/webloq_with_tag.jpg" alt="" />WebLOQ, Inc., Monterey, CA</a></div>
</blockquote>
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		<title>Running the Gauntlet &#8212; Hacker Convention Prep Guide</title>
		<link>http://ctovision.com/2011/08/running-the-gauntlet-hacker-convention-prep-guide/</link>
		<comments>http://ctovision.com/2011/08/running-the-gauntlet-hacker-convention-prep-guide/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 01 Aug 2011 15:15:25 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>BryanHalfpap</dc:creator>
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		<description><![CDATA[Tweet As the various intelligence agencies, computer security companies, and hackers prepare for the week of convention carnage that is Blackhat (Going on now), Defcon, and BSidesLV, it&#8217;s important to remember how easy it is for security professionals to end up on the dreaded &#8220;wall of sheep&#8221; (a very public listing of usernames and partially-redacted [...]]]></description>
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<p id="internal-source-marker_0.8763067091349512" dir="ltr">As the various intelligence agencies, computer security companies, and hackers prepare for the week of convention carnage that is Blackhat (Going on now), Defcon, and BSidesLV, it&#8217;s important to remember how easy it is for security professionals to end up on the dreaded &#8220;wall of sheep&#8221; (a very public listing of usernames and partially-redacted passwords pilfered from the network and displayed to all). It&#8217;s not considered a surprise to get hacked and infected while there &#8212; it&#8217;s almost expected.  You have to be aware of your surroundings while schmoozing with hackers of every nationality, background, and moral code.  You have to be prepared: mentally, physically, and digitally.</p>
<h2>Mental Security:</h2>
<p>Before wading into an event as socially oriented as Defcon, you should know what you can and can&#8217;t talk about.  People will understand if you can&#8217;t talk about something because of an NDA, but if you make it seem really juicy, you&#8217;re just making yourself a target and you probably shouldn&#8217;t have brought it up.  If you can&#8217;t say to yourself: &#8220;My boss/security officer would be OK with this.&#8221; then you probably shouldn’t talk about it. While one question does not constitute a security threat, you should always be wary of disclosing information on corporate IT infrastructure if someone seems less than on the level.</p>
<h2>Physical Security:</h2>
<p>In a community that rewards physical security intrusion prowess as much as it does digital intrusions (and any mix thereof) it pays to pay attention to physical security.  Make sure anything sensitive to you or your company’s Operational Security is under lock and key(pad).  If that means putting your laptop in a safe because it&#8217;s an unwiped work laptop, then that&#8217;s what you should do.  It&#8217;s not hard to trick hotel staff.</p>
<p>Items such as RFID cards, bluetooth devices without encryption, magstripe cards, and access tokens should be accounted for at all times, especially RFID cards, since they are easy to clone, even from a distance.  All of these things can significantly impact your security and the security of your employer if lost or stolen.  Unless absolutely nessecary, never bring RFID cards, Access or ID badges, or RSA tokens to a security conference &#8212; you might even be made an example of in a presentation if you do (it&#8217;s happened before).</p>
<h2>Digital Security:</h2>
<p><strong>Updates:</strong></p>
<p>This should be the most obvious to people, yet it never fails to be left undone.  Update everything and check the week before you go, just in case there is a last-minute update from a vendor affected by something at the conference.  You won&#8217;t want to be walking around with a vulnerable computer when everyone is looking for a target to test out the new exploit.</p>
<p><strong>Encryption:</strong></p>
<p>An oft-overlooked protection against theft is full disk encryption, but only when it&#8217;s used correctly.  If you set up encryption on your laptop, make sure that hibernation and suspend states are being protected by something as well.  Failing to do this could mean that all your preparation and encryption goes to waste if the computer is on while stolen.  Be sure to also encrypt any sensitive files on your phone and your USB drives.</p>
<p><strong>Set Passwords:</strong></p>
<p>Double-check that your operating system&#8217;s auto-login feature is disabled, that you don&#8217;t have passwords stashed away inside the battery bay of your laptop or phone, and that your phone is set to require a password.  Be sure to clean your touchscreen devices after entering your password so that a thief can&#8217;t use your fingerprints to determine the password.</p>
<p><strong>Prevent Data Leakage:</strong></p>
<p>Should you be crazy (or desperate) enough to use the wifi, be sure to use HTTPS connections with NO certificate errors.  Even with this precaution, don’t be too sure.  There have been several issues found in SSL implementations in programs in the past few years, and it’s best to be safe.  If you have to use the internet, use your mobile phone as a tether or use SSH encryption.</p>
<p>SSH Tunneling is a great way to stay secure on the road by using it as a tunnel to another server (assuming you have one that you wish to use).  Create a tunnel to shove your internet traffic through by creating a local proxy with the -D command-line option.  The syntax is ssh -D [PORT] [username]@[IP ADDRESS].  Then set the proxy settings on your browser of choice to “localhost” for the hostname of the proxy, and [PORT] for the port.  It’s a socks proxy, so be sure to select that option.  This method works on Windows using Cygwin or Putty as well as Linux.</p>
<p>SSH Tunnels encrypt your traffic to and from your server, ensuring the security of your local connection, so long as you heed any warnings about changed keys (this could mean someone is attempting to intercept your traffic).</p>
<p><strong>Phones:</strong></p>
<p>Install tracking software with remote wipe and backup capabilities.  Lookout is a great application for android that combines all the features together.  You&#8217;ll sleep easier knowing that if your phone is lost or stolen, you can still wipe it and have all your data offsite.</p>
<h2>Security Checklist</h2>
<p><strong>Disable the following:</strong></p>
<ul>
<ul>
<li>Any Ad-Hoc wireless network holdovers from XP (free public wifi, hpsetup, ect&#8230;) these can be used to connect to and take advantage of your computer in many nefarious ways.</li>
<li>Any phone wifi hotspots, unless you have WPA2 encryption with a strong password/passphrase.</li>
<li>Boot from CD (unless you are using a liveCD system)</li>
<li>Autorun (if not already disabled)</li>
<li>Any Unnecessary Services (Filesharing in particular)</li>
</ul>
</ul>
<p><strong>Enable the Following:</strong></p>
<ul>
<ul>
<li>Screensaver lock</li>
<li>BIOS passwords</li>
<li>Hard drive passwords</li>
</ul>
</ul>
<p><strong>Mental:</strong></p>
<ul>
<ul>
<li>Check NDA&#8217;s</li>
<li>Check materials being brought to conference.  Do I really need this USB drive to come with me?</li>
</ul>
</ul>
<p><strong>Physical:</strong></p>
<ul>
<ul>
<li>Are my RFID badges out of my wallet?</li>
<li>Are my ID badges out of my wallet?</li>
<li>Do I have to bring my authentication tokens?</li>
<ul>
<li>Do I have a safe place to put my tokens in the hotel?</li>
</ul>
</ul>
</ul>
<p><strong>Digital:</strong></p>
<ul>
<ul>
<li>Am I using an encrypted tunnel to the internet?</li>
<li>Are my thumbdrives encrypted?</li>
<li>Are my devices encrypted?</li>
<li>Did I do updates the same week I leave?</li>
<li>Are all the applications up-to-date, including my Antivirus?</li>
<li>Do I have login passwords set and required for all my devices?</li>
</ul>
</ul>
<p><strong>Potential Rookie Mistakes:</strong></p>
<p>If you want to go a notch above secure and just below paranoid, some people recommend that you use non-persistent liveCD operating systems booted from USB.  I do NOT recommend this as they are usually at least somewhat out-of-date and can&#8217;t be updated (because they are non-persistent, even on USB).</p>
<p>Stay safe out there!</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
</div>
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		<title>Using Triumfant for Secure Configuration and Change Management</title>
		<link>http://ctovision.com/2011/07/triumfant-administration-shakeup/</link>
		<comments>http://ctovision.com/2011/07/triumfant-administration-shakeup/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 19 Jul 2011 22:56:57 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>BryanHalfpap</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[CTO]]></category>
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		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://ctovision.com/?p=13155</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Tweet It’s late Monday morning when your computer security department notices that a suspicious message has been emailed to most of the email addresses at your company. It contains a malicious PDF that exploits a new vulnerability that came out over the weekend. The patch hasn’t been applied to the company workstations yet, and it’s [...]]]></description>
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			</div><div style="float:left; width:105px;padding-right:10px; margin:4px 4px 4px 4px;height:30px;"><script type="in/share" data-url="http://ctovision.com/2011/07/triumfant-administration-shakeup/" data-counter="right"></script></div>			
			<div style="float:left; width:85px;padding-right:10px; margin:4px 4px 4px 4px;height:30px;"><script src="http://www.stumbleupon.com/hostedbadge.php?s=1&amp;r=http://ctovision.com/2011/07/triumfant-administration-shakeup/"></script></div>			
			</div><div style="clear:both"></div><div style="padding-bottom:4px;"></div><p><img class="alignleft" title="Triumfant" src="http://www.triumfant.com/Images/logo_117x100.jpg" alt="Triumfant Logo" width="217" height="200" />It’s late Monday morning when your computer security department notices that a suspicious message has been emailed to most of the email addresses at your company. It contains a malicious PDF that exploits a new vulnerability that came out over the weekend. The patch hasn’t been applied to the company workstations yet, and it’s too little, too late by the time the email goes out telling everyone not to click on the links.</p>
<p>By the time inboxes are scrubbed and most of the infections have been catalogued it’s clear that this is going to be a security nightmare, since a few dozen machines have been compromised. The attack will take a week or more to fix as desktops are reloaded, servers are checked for more intrusions, and any data losses are reported to the proper authorities.</p>
<p>This is how computer security has been operating at most corporations for a decade. Now enter the world of Secure Configuration and Change Management, or SCCM. SCCM can take the infection turnaround time from days and weeks to minutes or hours, and one of the products leading the charge is Triumfant.</p>
<p>Triumfant’s Configuration and Change Management Tool is an almost completely self-sufficent heuristic scanning software algorithm that manages to neatly sidestep some of the problems with traditional heuristic detection using a combination of patented intellectual property and a gradually changing baseline scanner that is able to move with an IT environment instead of against it.</p>
<p>In a Triumfant environment, baseline behaviors are scanned in groups weekly. These weekly scans are then compared against nightly aggregations of endpoint scans. The nightly aggregations are in turn made up of changes tracked by the user-agent on the endpoint. By comparing gradual baselines within user-defined groups, Triumfant is better able to understand what is and isn’t anomalous, thereby eliminating false positives and negatives.</p>
<p><strong><br />
</strong></p>
<h2>How are anomalies detected?</h2>
<p>The agent on the endpoint hashes all of the files on the hard disk with a cryptographic algorithm, generating a fingerprint for each file. If a file is changed, then the hash will change, signaling a need to compare the old and new versions. The endpoint agent then performs change detection sweeps, comparing hashes of older scans against the MD5 hashes of the current scan. When something changes, a flag is raised and an entry is made in a local change database. The agent also scans a list of over 3000 metrics (such as registry settings) that determine the behavior of the computer.</p>
<p>Every minute, the client makes a connection request to the Triumfant server. If the server responds with a request for the list of recent changes (which it does by default every night) the list is uploaded. All databases and lists are encrypted and signed.</p>
<p>When a rouge application, malware, or an unauthorized user make changes in the system registry, adds files to the hard drive, or modifies critical files in system directories, the endpoint client detects these changes and adds them to a behavior profile. If the behavior is deemed to be malicious, Triumfant flags it as a rouge application and gathers the related system events and changes up into a single, coherent event and prepares them for reversal in remediation. No white- or black-listing is used in this technique, meaning that the server does not need to be constantly updated with new profiles or lists, other than Microsoft windows update signatures, which are used to help determine the patch status of a machine.</p>
<p><strong><br />
</strong></p>
<h2>Remediation:</h2>
<p>Once an undesirable change or application has been discovered, and cataloged, it is presented to an administrator via the Triumfant web interface. The web interface is a highly customisable AJAX application that allows for the creation of new views, reports with charts and graphics, users with different groups and permissions, and the ability to remediate issues with only a few simple clicks.</p>
<p>Simply click on the problem, then click on the remediation button in the left-hand corner. The remediation will be performed automatically by the tool, then put into the list of remediated issues automatically. If for some reason the remediation cant be performed, then it is placed in the “unsuccessful remediation” category.  Unsuccessful remediations are not commonplace.  Even if important system files are deleted or corrupted, computers in the same group are able to copy files for other group members to use, provided that the hash values matched before corruption or deletion.</p>
<p><strong><br />
</strong></p>
<h2>Taking it further:</h2>
<p>Triumfant has extrapolated on their heuristic detection and automatic remedition because the scanning technology behind it can do so much more. Triumfant scans over 3000 parameters for use in their tool, and it collects this data inside of a large, highly-opimised database, allowing it to be easily used for other applications, such as compliance testing.</p>
<p>Inside of the Triumfant server tool, administrators can import SCAP files to use as templates in compliance testing. Once Triumfant has scanned it’s member computers and determined that they are outside of compliance, the template will be used to build remediations against whatever parameters are out of alignment with the SCAP specifications.</p>
<p>Triumfant can also take the data from its database and insert it into a variety of third-party applications with which it has integration, including ePO and the Remedy ticketing system for high cohesion with existing software. Triumfant has custom-built integration for custom ticketing and tracking systems as well.</p>
<p><strong><br />
</strong></p>
<h2>Past and Present:</h2>
<p>Due to the problems associated with heuristic detection, most CCM software has not seen deep market penetration. Triumfant’s tool has been around for some time, having been fire tested at the pentagon for almost 4 years now, while the company has been around since 2002.</p>
<p>In the next few months, Triumfant will be debuting an updated version of their tool that is able to perform all of it’s functions on Macs as well as Windows computers. By the end of the year a Unix or Unix-variant (Linux, BSD, Solaris) should be out, followed by smartphone variations.</p>
<p>Tools such as Triumfant may very well become the future of computer security configuration management over the next few years. Tools like those provided by Triumfant offer ease of use without sacrificing security, bringing thousand-system compliance requirements into the reach of even small IT security departments. It&#8217;s ability to remediate nasty infections (like rootkits) give it a leg up on many anti-virus vendors which must release signatures, patches, and fixes and which will forever lag behind heuristic detection technology.</p>

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